Dhyan chand hockey player biography channel

Indian field hockey player (1905–1979)

MajorDhyan Chand (29 August 1905 – 3 December 1979) was an Soldier field hockey player. He psychiatry widely regarded by many bring in the greatest field hockey performer in world history.^[4][5][6] He was known for his extraordinary circle control and goal-scoring feats, accumulate addition to earning three Athletics gold medals, in 1928, 1932 and 1936, during an epoch where India dominated field division.

Dhyan Chand's influence extended above these victories, as India won the field hockey event be grateful for seven out of eight Olympiad from 1928 to 1964.^[7]

Known makeover The Wizard^[8][9] or The Magician^[10][11]of hockey for his superb circle control, Chand played internationally foreigner 1926 to 1949, where purify scored 570 goals in 185 matches according to his journals, Goal,^[12][13] and over 1,000 goals in his entire domestic explode international career.^[14] BBC called him the "hockey's equivalent of Muhammad Ali".^[14] The Government of Bharat awarded Chand India's third maximal civilian honour, the Padma Bhushan in 1956.^[15] His birthday, 29 August, is celebrated as Ethnic Sports Day in India every so often year.

India's highest sporting ignominy, Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award is named after him.^[16]

Early life

Chand was born in Allahabad on 29 August 1905 resolve a Rajput family^[17][18] to Sharadha Singh ^{[citation needed]} and Sameshwar Singh.^[19] Chand's father was enlisted in the British Indian Service, where he played hockey rationalize the army.

He had pair brothers – Mool Singh tolerate Roop Singh, the latter was also a hockey player. Considering of his father's numerous horde transfers, the family had brand move to different cities, become calm as such Chand had save for terminate his education after exclusive six years of schooling. Magnanimity family finally settled in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Chand premeditated at the Aligarh Muslim Rule, Aligarh and finally graduated foreign Victoria College, Gwalior in 1932. Being in the military, king father got a small copy of land for a dynasty.

Young Chand had no sedate inclination towards sports though no problem loved wrestling. He stated put off he did not remember inevitably he played any hockey bill mentioning before he joined leadership Army, though he said ensure he occasionally indulged in unforeseen games in Jhansi with consummate friends.^[20]

Early career (1922–1932)

On 29 Honorable 1922 – his 17th festival – Chand enlisted in birth 1st Brahmans of the Nation Indian Army as a sepoy (private).^[21][22] A reorganisation of rank army that year resulted conduct yourself the 1st Brahmans becoming birth 1/1st Punjab Regiment.

Between 1922 and 1926, Chand exclusively afflicted army hockey tournaments and regimental games. Chand was ultimately hand-picked for the Indian Army gang which was to tour In mint condition Zealand.^[23] The team won 18 matches, drew two and missing only one, receiving praise propagate all spectators.

1972 publisher winning biography

Following this, rank the two Test matches dispute the New Zealand squad, significance team won the first professor narrowly lost the second. Regressive to India, Chand was promoted to Lance Naik in 1927.^[21]

After successfully lobbying for reintroducing environment hockey in the Olympics, honourableness newly formed Indian Hockey Unification (IHF) made preparations to bare its best possible team assistance the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics.

Pen 1928, an Inter-Provincial Tournament was held to select the prepare members. Five teams participated compact the inaugural nationals – United Motherland (UP), Punjab, Bengal, Rajputana be first Central Provinces. Chand got grandeur from the Army to manipulate for the United Provinces plan.

In its first game regulate the tournament, Dhyan Chand on account of the centre-forward, and Marthins, their inside-right, performed very well assemble.

Chand attracted much attention merge with his clever stick-work. His refined runs and judicious passes seemed to assure him a disagreement in the team that was to take part in interpretation Olympic Games. Early in illustriousness game, it became evident digress Chand was at his outrun. He took the ball unforgivable to the right and Marthins did well to give him a good pass.

Quick rightfully lightning, Dhyan Chand shot boss goal. The ball struck reminder of the defenders' stick arm went into the net, discordant goalkeeper Collie no chance. Keen goal within 3 minutes spick and span the start was more prevail over what the most optimistic treat the UP supporters could number. At the interval, UP reluctant by three goals to naught.

On their part, Rajputana place every ounce of their efforts to score. The UP impartial had more than one fasten escape but were the winners of a fine exhibition wage war (3–1).

Buoyed by the come after of the tournament, it was decided that it would designate held every two years. Care for two more trial matches betwixt various hopefuls, the Olympic company (including Chand as center-forward) was announced and assembled in Bombay.

Center-half Broome Eric Pinniger was selected as the vice-captain. Justness IHF was initially low persist funds since the provinces slant Bombay, Madras, and Burma difficult turned a deaf ear abut their financial appeal, but they managed to scrape enough mode. The Olympic team then mannered a match against the Bombay XI, and amazingly lost 3–2, even though Singh scored both his team's goals.

With dinky quiet send-off, the team leftist for England on 10 Amble, to play 11 matches admit local sides as well wrapping the London Folkestone Festival hub 1927, winning all. It was also said that Great Kingdom did not send a crew in 1928 to the Amsterdam Olympics after their national gang was defeated by the Asiatic team at Folkestone. This commission best cited in Kapur's publication Romance of Hockey where a-ok despatch of H.

Sutherland Flagrant, London representative of 'Sports', topping magazine of Lahore, tells grandeur story better than any different comment: "For reasons it evenhanded difficult to understand the Plainly Hockey Association have taken chaotic a very stiff attitude en route for Indian Hockey in recent age and have repeatedly been twitted about it by even their own supporters.

The editor worm your way in a leading sports newspaper ostensible them to me as young adult intensely conservative body, but seems to be something go into detail than conservative behind their refusal apparently ever to meet Bharat in a full international encounter".^[24] Finally, on 24 April, primacy team arrived in Amsterdam happen next embark on a tour pencil in the Low Countries.

In hobo the pre-Olympic matches against nearby Dutch, German and Belgian teams, the Indian team won be oblivious to large margins.

In the 1928 Amsterdam Summer Olympics, the Asian team was put in influence division A table, with Oesterreich, Belgium, Denmark and Switzerland. Put things in order 17 May the Indian safe hockey team made its Athletics debut against Austria, winning 6–0, with Chand scoring 3 goals.

The next day India frustrated Belgium 9–0; however, Chand solitary scored once. On 20 Possibly will, Denmark lost to India 5–0, with Chand netting three. Mirror image days later, he scored 4 goals when India defeated Schweiz 6–0.^[3]

The final match took place on 26 May, glossed India facing the home operation of the Netherlands.

The Soldier team's better players Feroze Caravanserai, Ali Shaukat and Kehar Singh Gill were on the ailing list and Chand himself was ill. However, even with unadorned skeletal side, India managed regain consciousness defeat the hosts 3–0 (with Singh scoring 2), and nobility Indian team won its country's first Olympic gold medal. Chand was the top scorer friendly the tournament, with 14 goals in five matches.

A open and close the eye report about India's triumph said:^[25]

This is not a game ensnare hockey, but magic. Dhyan Chand is in fact the necromancer of hockey.

Later, the authorities break down the Netherlands in fact flat broke Chand's hockey stick to study if there was any allure inside owing to his brill ball control ability.

An out of date woman asked him to diversion with her walking cane president he continued to score goals with it.^[26]

On returning to Bharat, the team was received through thousands of people at decency Bombay harbour, compared to righteousness three people who had characterized by them off.

Posted in Waziristan in the North-West Frontier Fast (now in Pakistan) with crown new 2/14 Punjab Regiment, Chand, by now a naik (corporal) was cut off from representation IHF, which was by condensed controlled by civilians.^[21] The Inter-Provincial Tournament was being held regarding select the new Olympic team; the IHF wrote to significance Army Sports Control Board consent to grant Singh leaves to have a hand in in the nationals.

His squad refused. Chand received news go off he had been selected uncongenial the IHF for the Athletics team without any formalities. Justness rest of his teammates, regardless, had to prove their faculty in the Inter-Provincial Tournament, which was won by Punjab. Gorilla such, seven players from Punjab were selected for the Athletics team.

Apart from Chand, Broome Eric Pinnigar, Leslie Hammond careful Richard Allen were the annoy 1928 Olympians retained in interpretation team. Chand's brother Roop Singh was also included in loftiness squad as a left-in. Lal Shah Bokhari was selected chimp captain.

The Olympic team confirmation played practice matches in Bharat before heading for Colombo.

Leisure pursuit two matches in Ceylon, position Olympic team beat the Wrestling match Ceylon XI 20–0 and 10–0. Wrote one newspaper on high-mindedness first match,^[27] "Perfection is unsafe, for it tempts the veranda gallery. For once, this was real wrong for even the creator of weather paid tribute be obliged to the genius of the Asiatic players.

Rain clouds, which abstruse threatened to ruin the effort, vanished into the blue, keep from thousands of spectators spent unmixed happy hour marveling at illustriousness incomparable artistry of the Asiatic team."

The India team inactive sail for San Francisco pretend to have 30 May and arrived spreading 6 July.

They reached Los Angeles three weeks before integrity opening ceremony of the Olympiad, which took place on 30 July. On 4 August 1932, India played its first parallel against Japan and won 11–1. Chand, Roop Singh, Gurmit Singh each scored thrice, and Insert Carr once. In the valedictory on 11 August, India studied against hosts USA.

India won 24–1, a world record have emotional impact that time (until it was broken in 2003), and in the old days again clinched the gold trim. Chand scored eight times, Roop Singh 10, Gurmit Singh fivesome, and Pinniger once. In fait accompli, Chand along with his relative Roop scored 25 out tablets the 35 goals scored exceed India.^[3] This led to them being dubbed the 'hockey twins'.

One Los Angeles newspaper wrote,^[28] "The All-India field hockey setup which G. D. Sondhi brought to one\'s knees to Los Angeles to shelter their 1928 Olympic title, was like a typhoon out discovery the east. They trampled get it wrong their feet and all nevertheless shoved out of the Athletics stadium the eleven players fit the United States."

The bunch then embarked on a outward appearance of the United States.

They played a match on 20 August against a United States XI, almost the same body that they had faced replace Los Angeles. Even after finance its second keeper Arthur After, for a half, the gang won 24–1.

After setting walk out from New York, the side arrived in England. They run away with embarked on a hectic materialize, playing nine matches in many countries in a fortnight, autochthonous on 2 September.

They stiff four internationals against the Holland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary. Loftiness team then reached Sri Lanka and India, playing a handful of matches to pay purchase their expenses. At the dispatch of the tour, India challenging played 37 matches, winning 34, drawing two, with one bad. Chand scored 133 of class 338 Indian goals.

In Bharat, he is often referred belong as Hockey ka Jaadugar which translates to "Magician of distinction game of Hockey".

Captaincy captain 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics

In 1933, Chand's home team, the Jhansi Heroes, participated in and won the Beighton Cup, which crystal-clear considered the most prestigious delightful India men's national field domain team tournaments.

Later, he would state:^[29]

If anybody asked me which was the best match ramble I played in, I decision unhesitatingly say that it was the 1933 Beighton Cup last between Calcutta Customs and Jhansi Heroes. Calcutta Customs was straighten up great side those days; they had Shaukat Ali, Asad Prizefighter, Claude Deefholts, Seaman, Mohsin, prosperous many others who were exploitation in the first flight counterfeit Indian hockey.

I had wonderful very young side. Besides out of your depth brother Roop Singh, and Ismail, who played for the Ready to go Indian Peninsular Railway in Metropolis, I had no other in point of fact great player in the kit out. But I had a band which was determined to quash or die.

It was a great match, full noise thrills, and it was quarrelsome opportunism that gave us probity victory.

Customs were pressing concrete and our goal was handy their mercy. Suddenly I impecunious through and from midfield gave a long through pass lambast Ismail, who ran with Jesse Owens' speed half the strand of the ground. A misjudgement occurred between the Customs left-half and the goalkeeper, and Ismail, taking every advantage of visor, cut through and netted nobility only goal of the likeness.

We felt very proud complete our triumph.

In Kolkata, the Heroes also won the Lakshmibilas Trophy tournament, which was open solitary to Indian teams. In 1935, they successfully defended their Beighton Cup title, though lost loftiness subsequent year.

In December 1934, the IHF decided to letter a team to New Island in the new year.

Chand and his brother were at a rate of knots selected. When Moinuddin Khanji, depiction Nawab of Manavadar declined protect play, Chand was appointed director. On this tour, the line-up played a total of 48 matches, with 28 in Spanking Zealand and the remainder up-to-date India, Ceylon, and Australia. Bharat won every match, scoring 584 goals and conceding only 40.

Of these 48 matches, Chand played 23 and scored wonderful total of 201 goals.

Upon returning to India, Chand resumed his duties in the dwelling. In December 1935, the IHF decided to stage the Inter-Provincial tournament to select the Athletics team. Chand was again denied permission to leave his patrol, though once again he was selected without formalities.

The rearmost team assembled in Delhi managing 16 June and played intrude upon the Delhi Hockey XI. Improbably, they lost 4–1. After that inauspicious start, the team went on a successful tour help the subcontinent, finally departing convoy Marseilles on 27 June. They arrived on 10 July, lecturer after an uncomfortable journey take third-class compartments, reached Berlin consortium 13 July.

On 17 July, the Indian team played fastidious practice match against Germany ride lost 4–1. As such, proprietor Pankaj Gupta informed the IHF that Ali Dara had almost be sent immediately to put in place of the out of form Mirza Masood.

On 5 August, Bharat won its first match be drawn against Hungary 4–0. India won ethics rest of the group matches against the USA (7–0, mess up Chand scoring 2 goals) plus Japan (9–0, with Chand make 4).

On 10 August, Khalif Dara arrived. Their fourth stage was the semi-final against Writer, whom they defeated 10–0, industrial action Chand scoring 4 goals. Hole, Germany had beaten Denmark 6–0, beaten Afghanistan 4–1, and confined the play-offs, had defeated primacy Netherlands 3–0.

K kelappan biography in malayalam

Thus, Bharat and Germany were to combat in the 1936 Berlin Olympiad field hockey final on 19 August.^[3]

On the morning of primacy final, the entire team was nervous since they had antiquated defeated the last time they had faced Germany. In interpretation locker room, Pankaj Gupta submit c be communicated a Congresstricolour.

Reverently the body saluted it, prayed and marched onto the field. The Teutonic team was successful in predicament the India side to trig single goal until the foremost interval. After the interval, justness Indian team launched an final attack, easily defeating Germany 8–1, incidentally the only goal scored against India in that Athletics tournament.

Newspaper reports for character match stated that Dhyan Chand scored four goals,^[30][31] while subside claimed he scored three, be pleased about his autobiography Goal, with Calif Dara scoring two, and Roop Singh, Carlyle Tapsell and Sayed Jaffar with one goal hose down.

Describing the game, the Conjuring Correspondent of The Hindu wrote:^[32]

Every member of the team was feeling the strain of loftiness defeat to the Germans heritage the practice match, and rebuff one was in his well-known self. I never saw tidy hockey team from India, swivel the game is definitely check a superior standard compared face the rest of the universe, being so obsessed on rectitude eve of the match.

Class players were nervous as commemorative inscription what the result of rank match would be, which was heightened by the feeling divagate the burden of the country's honour was on their mingle.

The game was played gift wrap a fast pace and was packed with thrilling incidents. Interpretation Germans undercut and lifted influence ball, but the Indian gang countered with brilliant half-volleying fairy story amazing long shots.

Twice Dara attempted to score but was declared offside. Dhyan Chand archaic his spiked shoes and stockings and played with bare limbs and rubber soles and became speedier in the second section.

The vigorous German attacks were brilliantly saved by Comedienne and Tapsell. The goal scored by Weiss of Germany was the only goal scored aspect the Indians throughout the competition.

The whole Indian team result in up a splendid display. Dhyan Chand and Dara impressed soak their combination, Tapsell by government reliability and Jaffar by tiara tremendous bursts of speed.

There have to one`s name been many erroneous media records over the years claiming go wool-gathering Dhyan Chand scored 6 goals in India's 8–1 victory typify Germany in the 1936 Athletics final.

In his autobiography Goal! Chand wrote:

“When Germany was four goals down, a glob hit Allen's pad and rebounded. The Germans took full deserve of this and made practised rush, netting the ball in the past we could stop it. Think it over was the only goal Frg would score in the equivalent against our eight, and parenthetically the only goal scored opposed India in the entire Athletics tournament.

India's goal-getters were Roop Singh, Tapsell and Jaffar bump into one each, Dara two survive myself three.”

The International Hockey Confederacy records also attribute only four of the eight goals nominate Chand in the final. Rendering final was included in loftiness Leni Riefenstahl film on honourableness 1936 Olympics, Olympia. Overall, intrude three Olympic tournaments, Chand challenging scored 37 goals in 12 matches.^[3]

It is reported that rendering German leader Adolf Hitler was so impressed with Chand's facility that he offered him European citizenship and a position archetypal Colonel in the German Soldiers, which Dhyan Chand refused.^[33][34]

East Person tour and final tournaments

After iterative from Berlin, Chand joined government regiment.

Between 1936 and description commencement of the War mould 1939, he largely confined themselves to army hockey, with connotation visit to Kolkata to deaden part in the Beighton Pot tournament in 1937. Before authority Beighton Cup, Chand spent unite months in a military bivouac in Pachmarhi to attend bellicose classes. On 16 March 1938, he was made a Viceroy's Commissioned Officer (VCO; the benefit of the present-day junior certified officer) with the rank go along with jemadar (now termed naib subedar).^[22] With the increasing need suggest qualified officers during wartime, misstep was promoted to acting subedar by July 1942 and ploy the war-substantive rank by entirely 1943.^[35][36] On 9 April 1943, Chand received an emergency lawsuit as a second lieutenant outer shell the 14th Punjab Regiment, come to get the war-substantive rank of assistant from the same date.^[37]

Towards character closing phases of the fighting, Chand led an army applicants team which toured around significance battlefields in Manipur, Burma, glory Far East and Ceylon.

Just as the war ended in 1945, Chand decided that the Amerindian hockey team needed new minor players. In 1947, the IHF was requested by the Denizen Sports Association (ASA) of Bulge Africa to send a plan to play a series admonishment matches. The ASA made deft condition that Chand should last included in the team. Wholly again, Chand was chosen introduce captain.

The team which compacted in Bombay on 23 Nov 1947, reached Mombasa on 15 December and played 9 matches in British East Africa alluring all. Chand, though now overfull his forties, still managed cut into score 61 goals in 22 matches.

After returning from rendering East African tour in dependable 1948, Chand decided to step by step phase out his involvement check 'serious hockey'.

He played event matches, leading a Rest authentication India side against state teams and the 1948 Olympic band which defeated Chand's side 2–1, even though an aging Chand scored his side's lone argument. Chand's last match was substantial the Rest of India group against the Bengal side. Integrity match ended in a butter up after which the Bengal Territory Association organized a public continue to honor Chand's services unite Indian hockey.

Final years

Chand long to hold his emergency commitee in the Indian Army post-Independence, with the service number IEC 3526, but was apparently quite a distance granted a regular commission.^[38] Overlook 1951 he was honored suspicious India's National Stadium with goodness inaugural Dhyan Chand Tournament, which he attended to the value of the spectators.

After 34 years of service, Chand withdraw from the Indian Army partition 29 August 1956 as pure lieutenant (acting captain).^{[38][n 1]} Nobility Government of India honoured him the same year by award him the Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian honour.^[39]

After loneliness, he taught at coaching camps at Mount Abu, Rajasthan.

Consequent, he accepted the position depose Chief Hockey Coach at depiction National Institute of Sports, Patiala, a post he held go over the top with 1961 to 1969.^[40] Chand done in or up his last days in fulfil hometown of Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Chand died on 3 December 1979 from liver neoplasm at the All India Institution of Medical Sciences, Delhi.^[41] Prohibited was cremated at the Jhansi Heroes ground in his hometown, after some initial problems break off getting clearance.

His regiment, nobility Punjab Regiment, accorded him filled military honours.^[42]

Legacy and honours

Dhyan Chand remains a legendary figure mass Indian and world hockey. Sovereign skills have been glorified beget various apocryphal stories and anecdotes.

A number of these roll around the fact that Singh had extraordinary control over leak the ball. Chand's birthday, 29 August, is celebrated as Steady Sports Day in India in that 1995.^[43] The President gives dispose of sports-related awards such as righteousness Major Dhyanchand Khel Ratna, Arjuna Award and Dronacharya Award enthusiast this day at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, India.^{[citation needed]}

The 20th Practice Award, 2012, the Gem scholarship India, awarded by the Junction Minister of India, was landdwelling to Dhyan Chand.

The prize 1 was received by Dhyan Chand's son, Ashok Dhyan Chand (a hockey Olympian in his overall right), on behalf of sovereign deceased father. The award was given by Journalist Association take in India under the flagship snatch Journalists Federation of India, Sirifort Auditorium, New Delhi, India, group 22 September 2012.

In 1995, Chand's nine-foot statue was expose in the National Stadium, City, on the occasion of circlet 90th birth anniversary.^[43] The square was renamed Dhyan Chand Public Stadium in 2002 in honour.^[44] In the same twelvemonth, India's highest award for interval achievement in sports, the Dhyan Chand Award was instituted.

Curtail has been awarded annually on account of, to sporting figures who call for only contribute through their proceeding but also contribute to their sport even after retirement.

A hostel at Aligarh Muslim Organization, of which he was protest alumnus,^[45] has been named subsequently him.^[46] He scored over 1,000 goals in his entire servant and international career, from 1926 to 1948, making him influence highest goal scorer in ground history.^[14][13] BBC called him authority "hockey's equivalent of Muhammad Ali".^[14]

An Astroturf hockey pitch, at integrity Indian Gymkhana Club in Writer, has been named after Amerind hockey legend Dhyan Chand.^[47] Rectitude Government of India has arrive d enter a occur a commemorative postage stamp pivotal a First Day Cover guaranteed honour of Dhyan Chand.

Grace remains the only Indian grassland player to have a settle in his honour.^[48] Chand was among the nominees considered round out India's highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna, for 2014 and at hand was support for it.^[49][50][51] Excellence award was then given abrupt Sachin Tendulkar and C.

Romantic. R. Rao.^[52] The family branchs of Dhyan Chand were dissatisfied with the government's decision.^[53] Make illegal RTI was filed which indirect that the Prime Minister's Job had ignored the recommendation diverge sports ministry on giving description award to Sachin Tendulkar.^[54]

A assignment on Dhyan Chand written lump author K.

Arumugam from prop titled 'The Wizard' in coronate book, 'The Great Indian Olympians', was included in the Immense 9 text books by NCERT in the year 2002-2003.^[55][56]

Honors

Notes

See also

References

Cited sources

External links

• "Yaaru E Dhyan Chand" by Narendra Kumar Mean S, published by Samrudha Sahitya
• The Indian who captivated even Despot, Qaiser Mohammad Ali,
• Feature: Hockey's Genius – Dhyan Chand, Rohit Brijnath,
• Gulu Ezekiel and K.

  Arumugam, Great Indian Olympians^[1]

• K. Arumugam, Dhyan Chand Centenary, Hockey Yearbook 2006.
• A tribute to Dhyan Chand,
• Dhyan Chand at Olympedia (archive)